I believe it's the first one!
"D" Spain, trust me, I know USATestPrep.
Please give brainly
What Are States' Rights?
The Civil War<em> is believed by most to be caused because of the issue of slavery. Some, however, believe that it was actually about states' rights, or the rights of states to govern themselves outside of the control of the federal government. Whenever states' rights arguments are made, they all eventually come back to slavery. States' rights were simply a convenient political debate to fit the slavery argument into.
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<em>The American Civil War was, ultimately, about one thing: slavery. However, other issues found their way into the debate as well. Arguably the most significant of these was the issue of states' rights. The idea of states' rights, at its most basic level, is the idea that the states that make up the United States of America should have individual rights to work as their own independent governments beyond the control of the national government. For example, while most states in the U.S. have a minimum driving age of sixteen years, it is actually up to each individual state to decide. In South Dakota, for instance, the driving age is actually fourteen. This is generally believed to be due to the large farming population that requires the help of young teens on family farms, often requiring that these teens drive trucks or tractors to tend to crops and livestock, but there is no legislative evidence for this belief. In New Jersey, the minimum driving age is seventeen, the highest in the country. There have been efforts in the past decades to impose a national law for the driving similar to the national drinking age in 1985, but these efforts have not been successful as of 2017.</em>
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Explanation:
The Khilafat movement was an agitation by Indian Muslims, allied with Indian nationalists, to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam after World War I. While seemingly pan-Islamic, the movement was primarily a means of achieving pan-Indian Muslim political mobilization.The Khilafat issue crystallized anti-British sentiments among Indian Muslims that had increased since the British declaration of war against the Ottomans in 1914. The Khilafat leaders, most of whom had been imprisoned during the war because of their pro-Turkish sympathies, were already active in the Indian nationalist movement. Upon their release in 1919, they espoused the Khilafat cause as a means to achieve pan-Indian Muslim political solidarity in the anti-British cause. The Khilafat movement also benefited from Hindu-Muslim cooperation in the nationalist cause that had grown during the war, beginning with the Lucknow Pact of 1916 between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League, and culminating in the protest against the Rowlatt anti-Sedition bills in 1919. The National Congress, led by Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948), called for non-violent non-cooperation against the British. Gandhi espoused the Khilafat cause, as he saw in it the opportunity to rally Muslim support for nationalism. The ‘Ali brothers and their allies, in turn, provided the non-cooperation movement with some of its most enthusiastic followers.The combined Khilafat Non-Cooperation movement was the first all-India agitation against British rule. It saw an unprecedented degree of Hindu-Muslim cooperation and it established Gandhi and his technique of non-violent protest (satyagraha) at the center of the Indian nationalist movement. Mass mobilization using religious symbols was remarkably successful, and the British Indian government was shaken. In late 1921, the government moved to suppress the movement. The leaders were arrested, tried, and imprisoned. Gandhi suspended the Non-Cooperation movement in early 1922. Turkish nationalists dealt the final blow to the Khilafat movement by abolishing the Ottoman sultanate in 1922, and the caliphate in 1924.
