The Original goal of Pan-Africanism was to promote a United Africa. As in, independence among the African countries.
I have a feeling that it's A. making laws
The type of society which didn't have a centralized government was called a Pastoral society. So that is your correct answer.
All the other civilizations/societies - the Egyptian one, the Mycenaeans, and the Indus valley civilization - had governments which were centralized and not dispersed to different locations.
