Answer:
As the electorate expanded, the political parties evolved to mobilize the growing mass of voters as the means of political control. Political parties became institutionalized to accomplish this essential task. ... The number of independent or third-party members of Congress or of state legislatures is extremely low
Answer:
<h2>Flag burning is an act of violence</h2>
Explanation:

<em>Flag burning is likely to cause violence because it is an act of violence. Let me tell you in a way where you will understand, I do not know if you are talking about the American flag or every flag ever made, but, if you burned the American flag, people might take it as a threat, or just ignore it. Apparently, burning the American flag is legal, this is because in the year 1989, the Supreme Court declared that they couldn't stop people from burning these flags. They also declared that the federal / state laws that protect the flag are in violation of free-speech protections. I think it should be illegal because if people keep doing it, they will just keep doing it! They won't stop and will never stop. It also means that they are disrespecting our country, which I respect, but I do not respect the way that the people act when they burned it. I watched this video and people were cursing, acting like they own the world, and hurting other people with the fire on the flag. I wish the Supreme Court would stand up to this, I understand that the people will always protest, and that it's very hard to get the people to listen, but please, if you can try to, bring this back up and try again.</em>

I got some of these answers from TIME, you can check it out if you want to, and I wrote most of this myself. I also wrote the "Flag burning is an act of violence" so I wouldn't take anyone elses idea.

<em>Hope this helps! <3</em>

Answer:
The means absolute deviation (MAD) is a measure of variability that indicates the average distance between observations and their mean. MAD uses the original units of the data, which simplifies interpretation.
Explanation:
i am smart
The Westward Expansion was a period of time during the 19th century in which vat populations of people traveled west in the search for an ideal place to settle and start a new life. They were motivated by manifest destiny. An ideology that stated that its settlers were destined to settle across North America.
Settlers who believed in the manifest destiny hoped to find land, which was the source of economic thriving and subsequent liberty. Settlers were majorly European immigrants who were not able to find land in Europe because this was already a limited resource in that continent.