The uranium "Little Boy" bomb, minus its nuclear components, arrived at the island of Tinian aboard the U.S.S Indianapolis on July 26, followed shortly by the final nuclear components of the bomb, delivered by five C-54 cargo planes. On July 26, word arrived at Potsdam that Winston Churchill had been defeated in his bid for reelection. Within hours, Truman, Stalin, and Clement Attlee (the new British prime minister, below) issued their warning to Japan: surrender or suffer "prompt and utter destruction." As had been the case with Stalin, no specific mention of the atomic bomb was made. Anti-war sentiment was growing among Japanese civilian leaders, but no peace could be made without the consent of the military leaders. They still retained hope for a negotiated peace where they would be able to keep at least some of their conquests or at least avoid American occupation of the homeland. On July 29, 1945, the Japanese rejected the Potsdam Declaration.
The correct answer is A. The Great Schism or the East-West Schism represented the final separation between the Eastern Christian churches (whose leader was Michael Cerularius, the <u><em>patriarch of Constantinople</em></u>) and the Western one whose leader was Leo IX. There were excommunications that ended in 1965, when Pope <em>Paul VI</em> and <em>Athenagoras I</em> revoked the excommunications decrees.
Puritan communities in New England during the 1600s emphasized "religious devotion and hard work," due to the fact that they needed to be incredibly disciplined in order to survive the harsh environment.
