It is a measure of how much alcohol can be found in blood, and its used for legal or medical purposes. The aim of this measure is usually related to detect drivers that are in consumption of alcohol while driving, which could be a risk for car accidents.
BAC of 0.0 means sober, while in the United States 0.08 is intoxicated, and above that is greatly harmed. When the levels are above 0.40, it means potentially dangerous.