Answer:
It took place in November 1938. Kristallnacht means Night of Broken Glass. The Nazis used the shooting of a German diplomat in Paris by a Jew as an excuse to unleash an organised and violent pogrom against Jews in Germany.
The name comes from the breaking of glass as Jewish buildings, particularly synagogues, and Jews themselves were targeted, Hundreds of synagogues were burned to the ground.
It marked a significant escalation of harassment of Jews by the Nazis which had begun as they came to power. Thousands were arrested and sent to concentration camps. Many were also killed.
Explanation:
1. The correct answers should be E and F.
Tapestries and stained glass windows were both decorative and educational in that they often decorated churches and cathedrals and gave them that elevated and glorious style, but on the other hand were educational in that they often showed events from the Bible so those who couldn't read could learn something about it.
2. The correct answer is D.
Loyalty and heroism were highly valued in the Middle Ages because that was the time of many wars where people had to defend what they believed in. This was a time of knights, so obviously they had to be loyal to the king they were serving.
3. The correct answers should be A and C.
Illuminated manuscripts were a type of writing accompanied by a lot of pictures, decorations, and illustrations. They often depicted images from ordinary and religious life, and didn't focus much on science or politics of that time period.
4. The correct answers should be B and D.
At the time, universities admitted only those who were supposed to be 'church' and 'bureaucracy' people. They were the most important people at the time because religion and administration were quite relevant. Masses weren't allowed to be educated at such a high level, and given that there was nothing more important than church, C is incorrect.
5. The correct answer is C.
As I said, at the time there were many wars. So having vassals wasn't really as profitable as it used to be. They were traded for large armies which could defend kingdoms against any invaders, which there were a lot of at the time. Thus, the vassal, and feudal system began to fade.
6. The correct answer is A.
As mentioned above, the Church and religion were of utmost importance during the Middle Ages. Many wars were fought because of religion alone. So when the tide changed, and when the importance of religion began to wane, the Church's power also diminished.
7. The correct answer is C.
Russia and its entire civilization developed primarily because of its south-flowing rivers. For any rising civilization, it is important to be situated near water because water is the source of life and thanks to it, Russia grew and became the power it is today.
8. The correct answer is D.
Russia is known for valuing religion quite a lot. It is the largest Orthodox Christian country today, and over time, religion and politics in that country intermingled to create a joint venture of sorts. Even today, religion is inseparable from government and politics.
9. The correct answer is D.
Ivan III and Ivan IV wanted to have even more power for themselves and not depend or rely on anyone else - this is why they wanted to diminish the power of the boyars. The boyars were aristocracy in old Russia, and they were almost as important as the ruling royalty.
10. The correct answer is D.
Both Poland and Hungary were strong medieval kingdoms based in Catholic religion. Many parts of Europe and further were once part of the great Roman Empire, and these two countries were no different. Thus it is logical that they kept some (if not most) of the qualities they had then, such as Catholicism.
11. The correct answer is C.
Although the Mongols tried to be quite lenient and tolerant towards their subjects and the people they conquered, they weren't so good when it came to Russia. As a result of their actions, Russia became so isolated that it eventually grew powerful and eventually, the Mongols disappeared.
Uno de los rasgos característicos de las ciencias sociales en nuestros días es la conciencia generalizada de crisis y, en particular, la crisis de las divisiones disciplinarias existentes, El caracter insatisfactorio de los límites reconocidos entre las distintas especialidades científicas se pone de manifiesto por los esfuerzos que se realizan dentro de cada disciplina para rebasar dichos límites e incorporar teorías, métodos o puntos de vista procedentes de disciplinas limítrofes, estableciéndose así relaciones que hasta hace poco eran totalmente insospechadas. La evolución reciente de nuestra ciencia tras el descubrimiento del amplio campo de la geografía de la percepción y el comportamiento y el establecimiento de relaciones entre geógrafos y psicólogos constituye un ejemplo de ello, entre los muchos que podrían aducirse.
Es cada vez más evidente que se impone una reorganización de los campos del saber,y de los límites entre las distintas ramas especializadas de la ciencia. Un cierto número de científicos tienden a creer que se hace preciso una liquidación de muchas de las ramas científicas hoy existentes con vistas a una reorganización de los campos disciplinarios, para hacer posible una más libre y más imaginativa reflexión científica en la resolución de problemas concretos planteados.
En una situación como la presente, puede resultar particularmente fructífero el estudio del proceso de institucionalización de las ciencias. Si llegamos a comprender los factores que condujeron a la institucionalización de unas ciencias y al fracaso de los embriones de ciencias que podían facilitar marcos alternativos de desarrollo científico quizás estaríamos en condiciones de comprender su evolución posterior y de poder proceder más fácilmente a una reorganización de los campos del saber.
Desde esta perspectiva nos parece que resulta particularmente interesante una reflexión sobre el proceso de institucionalización de la geografía y sobre la aparición de la comunidad científica de los geógrafos. Pero el análisis de los orígenes y evolución de esta ciencia y de la historia del pensamiento geográfico no debe hacerse con una intención apologética -como es corriente en las historias de la geografía y, de hecho, en la mayor parte de las historias de las diferentes ciencias- sino que debe realizarse para plantear problemas generales que son relevantes para las distintas ciencias sociales, a las que los geógrafos pueden aportar el conocimiento y experiencia que tienen de su propia ciencia.
Passed on September 18, 1850 by Congress, The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850. The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves.
