Answer:
Promoter sequences are DNA sequences that define where transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase begins. Promoter sequences are typically located directly upstream or at the 5' end of the transcription initiation site.
Explanation:
Answer:
A controlled experiment is simply an experiment in which all factors are held constant except for one: the independent variable. A common type of controlled experiment compares a control group against an experimental group. All variables are identical between the two groups except for the factor being tested.
Explanation:
Amniocentesis or amniotic fluid test or AFT refers to the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and fetal infections. It is performed after 16 weeks of pregnancy. The fetal DNA from a small amount of cells from the amniotic fluid of the amniotic sac is sampled for genetic abnormalities by inserting a needle and extracting it. The fluid contains cells that are sloughed off by the fetus. They are separated from the amniotic fluid, grown in a culture and then microscopically examined for genetic and chromosomal abnormalities. The test is a reliable indicator of chromosomal abnormalities such as Down’s syndrome, spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, rh diseasetrisomy 13, trisomy 18, fragile X, Tay-Sachs disease, Hunter's syndrome and other metabolic disorders.
they can cause a toxic effect or failure of therapy depending on the drug-nutrient combinations
