Answer:
Polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is a technique to make many copies of a specific DNA region in vitro (in a test tube rather than an organism).
PCR relies on a thermostable DNA polymerase, Taq polymerase, and requires DNA primers designed specifically for the DNA region of interest.
In PCR, the reaction is repeatedly cycled through a series of temperature changes, which allow many copies of the target region to be produced.
PCR has many research and practical applications. It is routinely used in DNA cloning, medical diagnostics, and forensic analysis of DNA.
PCR:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common laboratory technique used to make many copies (millions or billions!) of a particular region of DNA. This DNA region can be anything the experimenter is interested in. For example, it might be a gene whose function a researcher wants to understand, or a genetic marker used by forensic scientists to match crime scene DNA with suspects.
Typically, the goal of PCR is to make enough of the target DNA region that it can be analyzed or used in some other way. For instance, DNA amplified by PCR may be sent for sequencing, visualized by gel electrophoresis, or cloned into a plasmid for further experiments.
PCR is used in many areas of biology and medicine, including molecular biology research, medical diagnostics, and even some branches of ecology.
Despite minimal evidence of effectiveness, pancreatic enzyme supplementation is frequently used to relieve pain in people with chronic pancreatitis.
Comparing pancreatic enzyme supplementation to placebo, no improvement in discomfort was seen. The only trial that used enzymes without an enteric coating did indicate a decrease in pain score. In both analyses, there was a significant amount of study heterogeneity. A random model meta-analysis of three studies found no evidence of a difference between the periods of administering pancreatic enzyme supplementation versus placebo in the mean daily pain score (mean difference: 0.09 (1.57-1.39), p=0.91) or average weekly analgesic consumption (mean difference: 0.30 (2.37-1.77), p=0.77). Given their high cost and probable adverse effects, pancreatic enzyme supplements shouldn't be recommended only for treating abdominal pain in people with chronic pancreatitis.
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When the pharmacist is preparing intravenous conventional amphotericin b for a patient with aids with invasive aspergillosis. The diluent that should be used to reconstitute the drug is sterile water injection.
Conventional amphotericin B is a drug used to treat invasive fungal diseases like cryptococcal meningitis that is a disease of spinal cord and brain. Generally works slowly by inhibiting the growth of fungal pathogen and is administered slowly for 2-6 hrs depending upon the dosage recommended by trained physician.
AIDS virus HIV disables the immunity of the patient making them sensitive even for weak pathogen. As a result the body can not defense even against pathogens like fungi, protozoa, mycoplasma etc.
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