Answer:
B. Virus.
Explanation:
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In this case, since bacteria (A.) reproduce via asexual reproduction via mitosis and the animal (D.) and vegetal (C.) cells could reproduce via sexual or asexual reproduction depending on the organism, they do not need a host to start the replication of the DNA and therefore reproduce. In such a way, it is widely known that viruses need a host that facilitates the replication of their DNA or RNA (depending on the virus) since they only have their genetic information but they do not have neither the RNA nor the DNA polymerase that favor such process, that is why they need a host.
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Growth and repair
creation of gametes (sex cells)
method of reproduction in unicellular organisms
Binary Fission - type of reproduction that occurs in bacterial cells, single celled organism splits and becomes two identical organisms
Chromosomes and DNA
Chromosomes are DNA wrapped around proteins to form an X-shaped structure.
The diagram will help you see the relationship.
1. Chromosomes are found in the nucleus
2. Chromosomes are made of DNA
3. Sections of chromosomes are called genes
DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid (it is the genetic code that contains all the information needed to build and maintain an organism)
Chromosome Structure
Chromosome Numbers
Each organism has a distinct number of chromosomes, in humans, every cell contains 46 chromosomes. Other organisms have different numbers, for instance, a dog has 78 chromosomes per cell.
Somatic Cells - body cells, such as muscle, skin, blood ...etc. These cells contain a complete set of chromosomes (46 in humans) and are called DIPLOID.
Sex Cells - also known as gametes. These cells contain half the number of chromosomes as body cells and are called HAPLOID
Chromosomes come in pairs, called Homologous Pairs (or homologs). Imagine homologs as a matching set, but they are not exacly alike, like a pair of shoes.
Diploid cells have 23 homologous pairs = total of 46
Haploid cells have 23 chromosomes (that are not paired) = total of 23
Homologous Chromosomes
Sex Determination
Chromosomes determine the sex of an offspring. In humans, a pair of chromosomes called SEX CHROMOSOMES determine the sex.
If you have XX sex chromosomes - you are female
If you have XY sex chromosomes - you are male
During fertilization, sperm cells will either contain an X or a Y chromosome (in addition to 22 other chromosomes - total of 23). If a sperm containing an X chromosome fertilizes an egg, the offspring will be female. If a sperm cell containing a Y chromosome fertilizes an egg, the offspring will be male.
Creation of a Zygote
When two sex cells, or gametes come together, the resulting fertilized egg is called a ZYGOTE
Zygotes are diploid and have the total 46 chromosomes (in humans)
Karyotype
A karyotype is a picture of a person's (or fetus) chromosomes. A karyotype is often done to determine if the offspring has the correct number of chromosomes. An incorrect number of chromosomes indicates that the child will have a condition, like Down Syndrome
Compare the Karyotypes below
Notice that a person with Down Syndrome has an extra chromosome #21. Instead of a pair, this person has 3 chromosomes - a condition called TRISOMY (tri = three)
Trisomy results when chromosomes fail to separate - NONDISJUNCTION - when sex cells are created. The resulting egg or sperm has 24 instead of the normal 23.
Other conditions result from having the wrong number of chromosomes:
Klinefelters Syndrome - XXY (sex chromosomes)
Edward Syndrome - Trisomy of chromosome #13
In arteriosclerosis, overproduction of abnormal collagen and decreased quantities of elastin lead to Decreased coronary artery perfusion.
Arteriosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries, which transport oxygen and nutrients from the heart to the rest of the body, thicken and stiffen, often limiting blood flow to the organs and tissues. Flexible and elastic arteries indicate good health. However, the artery walls can stiffen over time, a phenomenon known as arterial hardening.
The accumulation of lipids, cholesterol, and other chemicals in and on the artery walls is known as atherosclerosis. The accumulation is known as plaque. Atherosclerosis can constrict the arteries and obstruct blood flow. The plaque may rupture and cause a blood clot.
Symptoms of arteriosclerosis:
- chest pressure or discomfort (angina)
- sudden numbness or weakness in the arms or legs.
- speech slurs or speaking difficulties.
- vision briefly lost in one eye.
- weakened facial muscles
- ache while walking.
- elevated blood pressure
- renal failure
To know more about arteriosclerosis refer to: brainly.com/question/685228
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That line would be the first option - <span>“surprisingly, there are some creatures benefiting from all this plastic.”
It is the only line which has a positive connotation because there are still some organisms which don't find plastics in the ocean to be a bad thing. The other options show only negative consequences of plastics being thrown in the oceans. </span>
