Answer: Mitochondria
Explanation:
This image represents the aerobic breakdown of glucose (respiration), this occurs in the mitochondria.
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Answer:
Explanation:
The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA polymerases and other enzymes that make copies of DNA during cell division, are all proteins.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a process called transcription. During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form mature mRNA (Figure 1). The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next must be translated into a protein molecule.
1. Our results showed that test tube B contained end products of protein digestion, meaning that the isolated enzyme has the ability to break down protein. The end products of protein digestion include small polypeptides, dipeptides, and amino acids. In general, test tube B will contain the building blocks of proteins, which are the amino acids.
2. The two test tubes were placed in a hot water bath at 37oC. This is because the enzyme studied is a human enzyme and it works best at the human body temperature, which is approximately 37oC.
Enzymes are biological catalysts, which means that they accelerate chemical reactions. As a result, an enzyme's activity is greatly affected by temperature. Every enzyme, depending on each function and origin, has a specific range of ideal temperature conditions. If the temperature rises above the maximum accepted, then the enzyme denatures and loses its structure.
3. If the enzyme studied was added in a tube containing starch instead of proteins, then nothing would happen. This is because the enzymes are highly specialized and have very specific actions. It has been proved that this enzyme's activity involves the digestion of proteins.
Starch is a polysaccharide produced by plants, this means that starch is a carbohydrate. Given that starch is not a protein, it will not be digested by the enzyme. An enzyme digesting proteins, will not have any effect on carbohydrates.
4. The smaller molecules which are the result of the digestion happening in the digestive system are absorbed by the human body. More specifically, the products of protein digestion are absorbed by the intestine and then transported into the bloodstream. From the blood, they are then absorbed by other tissues.
After they are absorbed, they are used to build muscles or other compounds which can produce energy.
Fungi lacks the ability to produce their own food because they do not have chloroplast which is needed to obtain energy from the sun and convert it into food. Also fungi lack ability to fix nitrogen which has to be incorporated into their food. They also can not fix carbon and utilize it to produce food. Because of these they have to depend on dead organic matters for food.
