Question

Proteins have a variety of functions within a living cell. Describe at least three of the possible functions of proteins, and explain how proteins can be so diverse when there are only a limited number of different amino acids.

Answer 1

 
Q:Proteins have a variety of functions within a living cell. Describe at least three of the possible functions of proteins, and explain how proteins can be 

A:Any of a group of complex organic macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are fundamental components of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. They are essential in the diet of animals for the growth and repair of tissue and can be obtained from foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and legumes.

Answer 2

Answer and explanation;

-Protein functions are so diverse because of the many unique three-dimensional structures protein polymers form. The functions of proteins are very diverse because there are 20 different chemically distinct amino acids that form long chains, and the amino acids can be in any order. For example, proteins can function as enzymes or hormones.

-The sequence and number of amino acids ultimately determine a protein’s shape, size, and function. A change in any amino acids in the sequence alters the structure and function of a protein.

-Enzymes, which are produced by living cells, are catalysts in biochemical reactions and are usually proteins.

-Hormones are chemical signaling molecules, usually proteins or steroids, secreted by an endocrine gland or group of endocrine cells that act to control or regulate specific physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction.

-Additionally, structural proteins provide internal and external support to protect and maintain cell shape.