Answer:
The answers which could apply would be 1, 2 and 4.
Explanation:
When an author is giving a presentation he or she must not assume that the audience is paying attention, on the contrary, such audience most probably is thinking about their last meeting, things pending to do, personal problems, etc. In this sense, it would be advisable for every author to look for actively engaging their audience right from the start.
Bearing the stated above, there are several useful approaches which authors might benefit in order to capture their audience' attention. Among such approaches highlights: first, <em>posing a thought-provoking question, which would hook the audience by soliciting their active participation through an interesting question. </em>
And second,<em> telling a related joke or personal story, especially those which contains metaphors, since such metaphors could help to make any presentation point memorable by capturing the audience imagination with the image in the metaphor.</em>
