Answer:
The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice. They argued for a religious and political redistribution of power into the hands of Bible- and pamphlet-reading pastors and princes. The disruption triggered wars, persecutions and the so-called Counter-Reformation, the Catholic Church’s delayed but forceful response to the Protestants.
CHIEF JUSTICE!
The Chief Justice is appointed by the president.
(Also brainliest is in top right corner)
While Westerners credit William Harvey for discovering blood circulation in 1616, pulmonary circulation had already been described by the Arabic doctor Ibn
Al-Nafis 300 years before. While his knowledge was incomplete, Al-Nafis knew that the heart had two halves and that blood passed through the lungs when traveling from one side of the heart to the other. He also realized that the heart is nourished by capillaries.
Besides his description of the circulatory system and the heart, Al-Nafis advocated dissection as a means of truly learning anatomy and physiology, although he also writes that he didn’t perform dissections because of his strict Muslim beliefs. He described his observations on the brain, nervous system, bone structure and gall bladder and more in his great medical encyclopaedia Al-Shamil. Unfortunately, not many of Al-Nafis’ writings were translated into Latin, leaving Christian doctors befuddled regarding basic anatomy until much later.
Islamic medicine recognized that some diseases were infectious, including leprosy, smallpox and sexually transmitted diseases. To these, the great Islamic doctor Avicenna added tuberculosis and described how contagious diseases spread and necessary methods of quarantine.
The 10th century Arabic doctor Al Zahrawi established the basis of surgery in Al-Andalus in Cordoba, where he worked as a doctor for the Caliph Al-Hakam II. He wrote a great medical treatise, the Kitab al-Tasrif, a 30-volume book of medicine and surgery. Al Zahrawi invented over 200 surgical instruments, many of which are still used today, including forceps, scalpel, surgical needle and retractor, specula and catgut sutures. Sorry if this is to much to read
Answer:
Options B, C, and D
Explanation:
Complete Question:
Which of these phrases describes colonists’ responsibilities in the encomienda system? Check all of the boxes that apply.
A-They were given control over American Indians on their lands.
B-They allowed American Indians to keep their own land.
C-They were allowed to force American Indians to work.
D-They were expected to protect and teach American Indians.
The Encomienda system was a form of legal feudal-like system in Spain's colonies( American and Philippine) that brought about forms of indoctrinating form of slavery which redefine the status of the indigenous population by offering some sort of protection to the indigenous populations in exchange for their labor but in practice gained control of the affairs of the natives and inroducing them to another religion.
The colonists’ responsibilities in the encomienda system was typically to collect tribute from the indigenous populations,by allowing the American Indians to keep their own land and in order to protect them, the encomendero (colonists|) were allowed to force the indigenous populations to work and lastly to protect and teach the indigenous populations (American Indians) in the Christian faith.
