Dominant refers to the relationship between two versions of a gene. Individuals receive two versions of each gene, known as alleles, from each parent. If the alleles of a gene are different, one allele will be expressed; it is the dominant gene. The effect of the other allele, called recessive, is masked.
Photo Synthesis would be as plants grow from the sun or gain energy from the sun, where as Cellular Respiration is when cells divide into two or more. (I believe)