A civilian has rights. He must be told these rights, be given a lawyer, cannot be taken into custody without probable cause, when he is arrainged he can probably post bail, and supposedly he is innocent until proven guilty.
A soldier is guilty until proven innocent. If a major or above testifies that he saw the soldier do something wrong, that soldier is considered guilty right then and there. If he says the officer is lying, he gets hit with the charge of disrespecting an officer. When arrested, he has no right to silence, or to an attorney not provided by the military.
In the US the Democratic party is considered liberal, while the Republican party is considered conservative.
Therefore "conservative views on issues such as gay marriage and abortion" would not be considered characteristic of the Democratic party.
The launching of D. Sputnik started the space race