The main reason why the South was so upset by Lincoln’s election in 1860 is because he had made it clear that he was opposed to slavery, which was the primary driving force of the South's economy.
The answer would be Logos. This is a kind of appeal to reason or logic. When using this kind of appeal, it uses facts and evidence to persuade a the listener of the strength of your argument. This is different from pathos, which is an appeal to the emotions, whereas, ethos, from its word, uses ethics or credibility of the person making the argument.
MATTHEW PERRY sailed to Japan. This American show of strength forced the TOKUGAWA SHOGUN to end Japanʼs long period of isolation and open its ports for trade with the West. (Commodore MATTHEW PERRYʼs visits to Japan in 1853 and 1854 resulted in the OPENING OF TRADE and diplomatic relations with Japan.)
They were trying to accomplish better working conditions and better pay for the field workers.