Answer:
The liver cell with ∆G'° = -2.34 kJ/mol
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question is given below:
The following data represents cellular concentrations of ATP, ADP, and inorganic phosphate from various mammalian organs. Calculate the actual Gibbs free energy change for hydrolysis of ATP under physiological conditions (assume 37°C). Assume ATP hydrolysis has a standard free energy change of -30.5 kJ/mol. Which cell type yields the greatest free energy change for ATP hydrolysis? Show your work. ATP (MM) ADP (mm) Pi. (mm) Liver 3.5 1.8 5.0 Muscle 8.0 0.9 8.0 Brain 2.6 0.7 2.7 mM=millimolar, ATP=adenosine triphosphate, ADP-adenosine diphosphate, Pi=inorganic phosphate
Explanation:
The equation for ATP hydrolysis is as follows: ATP ---> ADP + Pi
Standard free energy change, ∆G'° = -RTlnK'eq;
where K'eq is equilibrium constant; R = 8.315 J/mol.K; T = 298 K
K'eq = {[ADP][Pi]}/[ATP]
For Liver:
∆G'° = -(8.315)(298) × ln (1.8 × 5.0/3.5)
∆G'° = -2.34 kJ/mol
For Muscle
∆G'° = -(8.315)(298) × ln (0.9 × 8.0/8.0)
∆G'° = 0.261 kJ/mol
For Brain
∆G'° = -(8.315)(298) × ln (0.7 × 2.7/2.6)
∆G'° = 0.79 kJ/mol
Answer:
fetal stage of development
Explanation:
Fetal stage of development -
It is the longest stage of development of the baby , in this stage , some major changes takes place in the brain , is referred to as the fetal stage of development .
This stage starts from the very ninth month and last till the birth of the child .
Hence , from the given information of the question ,
The correct answer is fetal stage of development .
Assignable means legally transferable to the ownership of another. Natural variation<span> is a valuable source of beneficial traits for plant breeding.</span>
Answer:
The skeletal muscle is stimulated by means of action potentials that are caused by the neuromotor plate. These action potentials are one after the other and can become cumulative once the muscle fibers pass the refractory phase of the action potential.
The refractory stage is that stage in which action potentials are not admitted, therefore where the muscle fibers do not accept stimuli to contract.
Once this refractory stage is over, more action potentials can be admitted, which would be summative and the muscle fiber would contract with greater power.
Explanation:
If a muscle is repeatedly stimulated, the contraction will be weaker or the muscle will fatigue more easily, triggering muscle failure.
If the muscle is stimulated with a longer pause between contraction and contraction, the action will be performed with more power.