He/she is expressing the idea that the Articles of Confederation are going to make it difficult for the country to advance (because they make the central government too weak)
The Philiphines were a colony
They are considered the golden age of Islam because nations which were under islamic rule under these times were thriving and bringing new knowledge to the world through scientific observation but also through different ways of scholarship.
The correct answer is Egypt, since Egypt is a country, not a kingdom.
