Elements in the first row (hydrogen and helium) will have outer electrons in the first energy level. Their principal quantum number is 1. Elements in the second row (lithium through neon) will have valence electrons in the second energy level with a principal quantum number of 2.
If an invasive species is added into a food chain/web, it becomes overpopulated/a pest because it has no natural predators.
It can also disrupt the food chain/web by eating the food supplies of the native organism leading to competitions.
Answer:
Option-C
Explanation:
Hamilton gave the mathematical expression for the altruistic behaviour or trait in a population which suggested that the alleles for altruistic behaviour will be favoured by the natural selection if BR-C > 0.
The mathematical expression for the altruistic trait is rb> c
where r - relatedness, b- the benefit to recipient and itself also and c-cost to an actor.
In the given question, all the cases meet the condition of Hamilton's rule except one which is the In- law bee-eaters which raise the young near to the nest as the parents who can raise the young ones are not benefited personally from the action of the young as the young one treat them as non-kin. This does not fulfill the condition of the Hamiltons rule.
Thus, Option-C is correct.
Answer:
Predatory.
Explanation:
This is because the tree brown snakes feed on birds while the bats feed on the lizards.
