Answer:
Groups 4 to 7 are most likely to be undergoing the mitotic phase of the cell cycle.
Explanation:
Since the four proteins used p16, p18, p21, and p27 are inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK), their absence indicates that the cell is undergoing mitosis - the cell cycle is regulated by CDKs. In the absence of these inhibitors, the cell cycle moves on forward. Because the bar for DNA replication is longer in the case for groups 4 to 7, it is indicative of the fact that these cells have gone through the mitotic phase.
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Answer:
We have just seen that pathogens constitute a diverse set of agents. There are correspondingly diverse ranges of mechanisms by which pathogens cause disease. But the survival and success of all pathogens require that they colonize the host, reach an appropriate niche, avoid host defenses, replicate, and exit the infected host to spread to an uninfected one. In this section, we examine the common strategies that are used by many pathogens to accomplish these tasks.
Explanation:
The first step in infection is for the pathogen to colonize the host. Most parts of the human body are well-protected from the environment by a thick and fairly tough covering of skin. The protective boundaries in some other human tissues (eyes, nasal passages and respiratory tract, mouth and digestive tract, urinary tract, and female genital tract) are less robust. For example, in the lungs and small intestine where oxygen and nutrients, respectively, are absorbed from the environment, the barrier is just a single monolayer of epithelial cells.
Skin and many other barrier epithelial surfaces are usually densely populated by normal flora. Some bacterial and fungal pathogens also colonize these surfaces and attempt to outcompete the normal flora, but most of them (as well as all viruses) avoid such competition by crossing these barriers to gain access to unoccupied niches within the host.
Answer:
because your body is using more energy while doing a squat, then while standing .
Explanation:
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When Amanda poured some of the liquid in a test tube, she noticed that the edges of the water curved upward, which is an example of adhesion.
When Pol filled another test tube to the top, the liquid formed a low dome, which is evidence of cohesion.
When Amanda added table salt to the first test tube and shook it, she noted that the liquid had dissolved the solute.
All of these observations indicated the presence of covalent bonds.
Pol determined that the pH of the sample is 7, which shows the sample is neutral.
Based on all of the evidence Amanda and Pol gathered, the unknown liquid is water.
This organism is a coyote brush or the Baccharis pililaris. It is a shrub that is a family of daisy. They are mostly found in California, Washington and Oregon. This plant takes a different shape depending on the environment where it is found. It grows in a chaparral biome where there is little biodiversity and a habitat of only few species.
