Answer:
Inglaterra , Francia , Italia, Alemania , Bélgica,
Rusia y Japón
The <span>Mugwumps were Republicans who supported Democratic presidential candidate Grover Cleveland in 1884 because they viewed their own party’s candidate, James G. Blaine, as corrupt. </span>
The stalwarts were a faction of the Republican party that opposed reform; wanted to "stall".
Gorbachev considered that monopoly and bureaucracy limited the development of new knowledge and research based on particular interests.
<h3>What is monopoly?</h3>
A monopoly is a term that refers to the privileged situation of a producer who has great power over the market for a specific and differentiated product, good, resource or service.
<h3>What is bureaucracy?</h3>
Bureaucracy is a concept that refers to government institutions, especially their functioning to achieve a series of objectives set by the government in power.
<h3>What did Gorbachev mean?</h3>
Gorbachev was referring to the negative effects of monopoly and bureaucracy on science because he considered that the state and large companies control the research of new knowledge, so they decide what knowledge is developed and what knowledge is not.
Due to the above, the monopoly and the bureaucracy would be limiting the development of knowledge based on economic, political and social interests.
Learn more about Gorbachev in: brainly.com/question/15848446
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poverty...............................
