For both of these questions you want to raise every part to the 4th or 2nd power. Just remeber that a power raised to a power is just multiplied.
3.)
3^4 = 3×3×3×3 = 9×9 = 81
x^4 = 1×4 = 4 so x^4
2^4 = 2×2×2×2 = 4×4 = 16
so
4.)
2^2 = 2×2 = 4
5^2 = 5×5 = 25
(n^9)^2 = 2×9 = 18 so n^18
so
Hope this helps!
3.)
3^4 = 3×3×3×3 = 9×9 = 81
x^4 = 1×4 = 4 so x^4
2^4 = 2×2×2×2 = 4×4 = 16
so
4.)
2^2 = 2×2 = 4
5^2 = 5×5 = 25
(n^9)^2 = 2×9 = 18 so n^18
so
Hope this helps!