Question

Write a program (Console or GUI) that determines the change to be dispensed from a vending machine. An item in the machine can cost between 25 cents and 1 dollar, in 5-cent increments (25, 30, 35,…,95, 100), and the machine accepts only a single dollar bill to pay for the item. For example, a possible sample dialog might be the following:
Output: Enter price of item (from 25 cents to a dollar, in 5-cent increments):

45 You bought an item for 45 cents and gave me a dollar, so your change is 2 quarters, 0 dimes, and

Answer 1

Answer:

Here is the JAVA program:

import java.util.Scanner;  //to accept input from user

public class Main {   //class name

  public static void main(String[] args) {  //start of main function

Scanner input =new Scanner(System.in);  // creates Scanner class object

int amount, quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies,change;   //declare variables

System.out.println("Enter the price of the(from 25 cents to a dollar, in 5-cent increments): ");  //prompts user to enter the price

amount=input.nextInt();   //reads amount from user

change= 100-amount;   //computes change

System.out.println("You bought an item for " + amount+" cents and gave me a dollar, so your change is :");  

quarters=change/25;  //computes quarters

change=change%25;  //computes quarter remaining

if(quarters == 1)   // if quarter is equal to 1

System.out.println(quarters+ " quarter");   //prints quarter value in singular

else if (quarters>1)   // if value of quarters is greater than 1

System.out.println(quarters+" quarters");     //prints plural quarters value

dimes=change/10;  //computes dimes

if(dimes == 1)   // if value of dime is equal to 1

System.out.println(dimes+ " dime");   //prints single value of dimes

else if (dimes>1)   //if value of dimes is greater than 1

System.out.println(dimes+" dimes");  //prints plural value of dimes

change=change%10;   //computes dimes remaining

nickels=change/5;  //computes nickels

if(nickels == 1)   //if value of nickels is equal to 1

System.out.println(nickels+ " nickel");   //prints single value of nickels

else if (nickels>1)   //if value of nickels is greater than 1

System.out.println(nickels+" nickels");   //prints plural value of nickels

change=change%5;    //computes nickels remaining

pennies=change;  //computes pennies

if(pennies == 1)   //if value of pennies is equal to 1

System.out.println(pennies+ " penny");   //prints single value of pennies

else if (pennies>1)    //if value of pennies is greater than 1

System.out.println(pennies+" pennies");     } }  //prints plural value of pennies

Explanation:

I will explain the program with an example:  

Suppose amount= 75  

Then change = 100 - amount= 100 - 75 = 25  

change = 25  

quarters = change/25 = 25/25 = 1  

quarters = 1  

change = change % 25 = 25%25 = 0  

dimes = 0/10 = 0  

Now all other values are 0.  

Now the following line is printed on screen:  

You bought an item for 75 cents and gave me a dollar. Your change is:  

Now program moves to if part  

if quarters == 1  

This is true because value of quarter is 1  

sot "quarter"   is displayed with the value of quarters

Now the following line is printed on screen:  

1 quarter  

So the complete output of the program is:  

You bought an item for 75 cents and gave me a dollar. Your change is:  

1 quarter