The word from the list that best fits the definition An action that rewards a particular kind of behavior is the third one: positive sanction.
Explanation:
I think that the key word to understand why positive sanction is the phrase that best fits is the word<em> reward</em>. A reward is a thing given in recognition of service, effort, achievement or any kind of behavior that is considered a good behavior. So, by knowing this, it is very easy to decide which words best fits, because a positive sanction functions as a response, as a recognition of a good behavior. It is a sanction, but is a positive one, the one given due to a good action.
C. Orwell’s purpose is to persuade his readers to use simple language in political writing. He achieves this by suggesting steps writers can take to choose their words carefully.
