The correct answer should be The Soviet Union. First world countries was a term used for developed western countries. Second world was a term for countries that revolved around the soviet union. The third world countries were those that were usually not aligned to anyone. After the war, they were usually poor so that's how the term stuck as a synonym for poor.
The last one is the answer
Answer is - D ) Poll taxes
A project or undertaking, typicality one that is difficult or requires effort. Hope this helps!