14th added anyone born in the US is a citizen.
15th Guaranteed voting rights for African Americans
Their offices were protected by republican politicians.
The policies of the Black Codes limited the rights of the southern black freemen
It was often it was often made up of important men in southern society.
It would be the "Necessary and Proper Clause" that establishes many implied powers of Congress, since this allows Congress to do whatever is "necessary and proper" to keep the United States functioning.
That all slaves would go free.
Because They Could Not Attack A White Person Or The Cops Get Them