The Quartering Act of 1765
Mesopotamia - cuneiform.
If that is what you meant.
Answer:
Herbert Hoover and Al Smith
Answer: A) Hobbes thought people were innately violent.
<u>Further explanation</u>:
Both English philosophers believed there is a "social contract" -- that governments are formed by the will of the people. But their theories on why people want to live under governments were very different.
Thomas Hobbes published his political theory in <em>Leviathan </em> in 1651, following the chaos and destruction of the English Civil War. He saw human beings as naturally suspicious of one another, in competition with each other, and violent toward one another as a result. Forming a government meant giving up personal liberty, but gaining security against what would otherwise be a situation of every person at war with every other person.
John Locke published his <em>Two Treatises on Civil Government </em>in 1690, following the mostly peaceful transition of government power that was the Glorious Revolution in England. Locke believed people are born as blank slates--with no preexisting knowledge or moral leanings. Experience then guides them to the knowledge and the best form of life, and they choose to form governments to make life and society better.
In teaching the difference between Hobbes and Locke, I've often put it this way. If society were playground basketball, Hobbes believed you must have a referee who sets and enforces rules, or else the players will eventually get into heated arguments and bloody fights with one another, because people get nasty in competition that way. Locke believed you could have an enjoyable game of playground basketball without a referee, but a referee makes the game better because then any disputes that come up between players have a fair way of being resolved. Of course, Hobbes and Locke never actually wrote about basketball -- a game not invented until 1891 in America by James Naismith. But it's just an illustration I've used to try to show the difference of ideas between Hobbes and Locke. :-)
Among the 12th and 15th centuries, the European economy was transformed by the interconnecting of river and sea trade routes, producing Europe to become one of the world's most wealthy trading networks. Before the 12th century, the main obstacle to trade east of the Strait of Gibraltar was the absence of commercial incentive rather than inadequate ship design.
Many lands previous unfamiliar to Europeans were discovered by them during this period, though most were already populated. European overseas exploration directed to the advance of global trade and the European colonial empires, with the contact between the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) and the New World (the Americas and Australia).
To sum up, The wealth that could be made through trade was the major motive for the European exploration between 1400 and 1800, letter A.
