The sepal of the plant... im pretty sure...
<span>The mountains were once seas. The land was forced up by tectonic motion when the mountains were formed. The Sahara also used to be a sea and has a valley full of the fossilized remains of an extinct species of whale. It is generally agreed upon that two plates colliding caused the uplift that created the mountainous zone. Same for the Himalayas.</span>
Generally people would say that the result are published in journals, and it is true that Journals are often the first opportunity for many people to read about those results.
However, it takes a long time to publish in a journal, and people often present their results to a smaller audience at a conference before the journal is ready.