28. One cause of ww1 is the assassination of the archduke Fran Ferdinand.
The second cause is Austria-Hungary threatens war on Serbia
29. Trench warfare
30. Germany has to pay 33billon in reparations
Germany has to take full responsibility for the war
The philosophy behind it was that of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. They were inspired by works such as the Social Contract when they created the idea that people sovereignty was the highest form of sovereignty and that democracy and the rule of law should be the main thing instead of a monarchy. They part that all men are created equal and should govern themselves is directly taken from books like that one.
The third option is the correct answer.
He was a typical explorer. He would explore for three main reasons mother countries explored, gold, god and glory. To find wealth in spices and precious metals, to spread his catholic religion, and to find glory in his adventures.