Answer:
The cultural change in the Neolithic occurred due to climate change. As temperatures rose, the forests where Homo sapiens lived, at the end of the Paleolithic, became more desert areas. Therefore, these Homo had no choice but to emigrate to other areas or adapt to the new environment. This adaptation process took place slowly and was based on the observation of nature's reproductive cycles. The animals with the most suitable characteristics were chosen to reproduce (domestication) and the most productive and resistant plants were chosen to obtain the best crops, always respecting the seasonal cycles. In this way, hunting and gathering began their disappearance to give way to a productive economy based on agriculture and livestock.
Neolithization brought about technological, social and biological changes. Regarding the former, we can highlight the appearance of polished stone, a consequence of new needs. Cultivation fields or pastures had to be created and houses built. New tools of polished stone, more resistant and sharp, gave better results in spite of the greater investment of time necessary for its manufacture. With the sedentarization that caused agriculture, pottery also appeared, useful, now that the human groups were settled and did not have to transport the goods from one place to another, how the hunter-gatherers had done during the Paleolithic.
The Neolithic is related to sedentary lifestyle, but it is claimed that some nomadic human groups (hunter-gatherers) were sedentary during the Paleolithic. These hunters lived in large areas in a sedentary way, when the resources of one area were depleted they marched to others. It was another form of survival, since they always had the information and knowledge about the territories they occupied, hunting and the food they could find in them. In the long run, these populations grew a lot and resources were depleted. Agriculture was the answer to their supply problems. We also have to take into account that in the Neolithic there were societies that were still nomads, since they became producers in the field of livestock and this involved movement in search of pastures by the herd.
