Answer:
The results from this experiment conclude that all of the resulting bacteria contain the pUC18 plasmid without the human gene.
The method of genetic engineering might seem very easy but in actual it is a very difficult task and most of the time a person won;t get the expected results. The chances of a vector to actually take up a recombinant DNA are very less. Even after this, the chances of a recombinant plasmid to enter a bacterial cell by transformation are very few.
The limitations of cell size are:
1) Surface area to volume ratio
2) Nucleo cytoplasmic ratio
3) Fragility of cell membrane
What are the cause of limitations on cell size?
The need for a surface area of sufficient area to allow the cells function→.
→If the surface area of cell increase volume increase to the cube of the linear increase.
→ Nuclie contains information needed for protein synthesis . Some cells reduce this limitation to increase the no. Of nucleus called multinucleated.
Examples are muscle cells.
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Answer:
all the muscles.
Explanation:
The muscular system is composed of all muscles in the body. The main function of the muscles is to produce movement in different parts, voluntary or involuntary, creating equilibrium. Muscles are made of myocytes. There are three types of muscles: smooth muscle, skeletal muscle, and myocardium.
- The smooth muscle is formed by fusiform cells, mononucleated, and no transversal striations. There is a protein contraction system, but not as organized as the one of the skeletal muscle.
Smooth-muscle can be found in organs, vessels, veins, and arteries. It provides sustained contractions, slow and rhythmical, but not voluntary.
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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant muscle in vertebrates, constituting the somatic musculature. It proportionates motion to extremities and digits and is responsible for the position and posture of the individual. It is also involved in eye movements, respiration, mastication, deglutition, and phonation. It moves the tongue, the superior esophagus, and the pharynx.
The skeletal muscle is innervated by axons of the motor neurons coming from the CNS. The contraction of the skeletal muscle is voluntary and fast.
Cells composing the striated muscle are significantly long and multinucleated. They arrange in bundles, where cells are parallel to each other.
- Myocardium tissue is more similar to the striated tissue than to the smooth one. However, there are some differences between them. Cardiac cells are cylindrical and smaller, with ramifications. Cardiac cells only have one nucleus, and occasionally there can be two. Actin and myosin filaments are arranged just as the skeletal ones, and the contraction of cardiac cells is molecularly very similar to the skeletal
Widespread use of pesticide has lead to the development of:
More pesticide-resistant insects.