Question

Predict the likely effect on the ability of substance L to enter the cells if substance L is attached to a large protein instead of free in the culture

Answer 1

Answer:

The cell membrane is semi-permeable. It allows some molecules to enter easily inside the cell whereas some molecules are blocked from entering the cell.

Small, polar molecules and hydrophobic molecules enter easily through the cell membrane. But large molecules and ions cannot easily move inside the cell membrane.

A hydrophilic substance like the substance L mentioned in the question enters the cell membrane through the help of carrier proteins. The substance attached to the large protein might enter through active or passive diffusion but it can only enter the cell by attaching to carrier proteins.

Answer 2

Examples of membrane receptors:

• Ligand, located outside the cell
• Ligands are connected to specific receptor proteins based on the shape of the active site of the protein.
• The receptor releases the second messenger after the ligand is connected to the receptor.

Further Explanation

In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are protein molecules that receive chemical signals from outside the cell.

Receptors can be bound to cell membranes, cytoplasm, or the nucleus, each of which can only be attached by certain types of signaling molecules. Signaling molecules attached to a receptor are called ligands, which can be a peptide or other small molecules such as neurotransmitters, hormones, drugs, or toxins.

Receptor proteins can be classified by their location. Transmembrane receptors include receptors connected with ion channels (ionotropic), receptors connected to protein G (metabotropic), and receptors connected with enzymes.

Not every ligand that binds to the receptor also activates the receptor. The ligand class can be divided into:

• Agonist (full)
• Partial agonist
• Antagonist
• Inverse agonist
• Allosteric modulator

Receptors capable of producing biological responses in the absence of bound ligands are said to display "constitutive activity".

Learn More

Membrane Receptor brainly.com/question/13773555

Ligand brainly.com/question/13773555

Details

Class: Middle School

Subject: Biology

Keywords: membrane, ligand, receptor