Answer & Explanation:
a) a) Mutualistic relationship differs from parasitism because the first one benefits both of the involved organisms. Otherwise, parasitism benefits only one of the organisms and it can harm the host. Therefore, the parasite would have to be smaller than the host and it would be somehow extracting energy from the host.
b) The direction of evolutionary changes would follow some kind of pattern, like coevolution. Therefore, analyzing the phylogenies individually and then contrasting them, would help to understand how the host, as well as the parasite, have been evolving.
c) The phylogeny would also help to understand what changed first, or if they changed together as a result of coevolution.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
since thermal energy is generally about heat transfer, hot to cold or cold to hot, it's most likely C
<span>The two different kinds of t-cells are the Helper t-cells and the killer t-cells.
T cells are named T cells after the thymus, an organ situated under the breastbone. They are produced in the bone marrow and later move to the thymus where they mature. Helper T cells have a primary tsak of activating the B cells and killer T cells. The killer T cells are specialized in attacking cells of the body infected by viruses and sometimes also by bacteria. Additionally, they can attack cancer cells.</span>
Answer and explanation;
-All lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Some of them also contain nitrogen and phosphorus. The four main classes of lipids are fats, waxes, sterols, and phospholipids. Fats are triglycerides.
-The functions of lipids include storing energy, signaling, and acting as structural components of cell membranes.
-Lipids are water-insoluble (hydrophobic), and this property is put to great use in the organisation of cells and tissues.
For example; phospholipids are a class of lipids that is amphipathic; that is it contains fatty acid tails that are hydrophobic, and a phosphate head that is hydrophilic. This means the phosphate group will orientate itself towards water and away from the rest of the molecule, and also gives rise to the special properties that allow phospholipids to be used to form membranes.
Amber has allowed scientists to study DNA that has been preserved over millions of years.
