Answer:
d) DNA that is patched together using DNA from multiple organisms.
Explanation:
GMOs are genetically modified organisms. The genome of these organisms has been altered using one or other techniques of genetic engineering. GMOs have recombinant DNA. A recombinant DNA refers to any DNA molecule that is made by combining genes from different organisms.
For instance, the human insulin gene is isolated from the human genome. The isolated gene is inserted into an <em>E. coli</em> plasmid vector molecule. The plasmid DNA molecule carrying the human insulin gene is an example of recombinant DNA. When this recombinant plasmid is introduced into the cells of the <em>E. coli</em>, they become GMOs.
The structure in cells that contains DNA and protein is the nucleosome, found in the nucleus. In the nucleus of the cell, DNA is exists in the form of a long helical thread. It order to fit inside the nucleus, the DNA thread must be compressed enough to do so.
The cell accomplishes this by wrapping the DNA thread around a protein called histone. A single unit of DNA and histone octamer (called octamer because it consists of 8 proteins) is called a nucleosome.
The entire stretch of DNA in an average human cell is about 2 meters in length and would never fit inside a cell if not for histone proteins.
CO2 traps heat in the atmosphere of the earth which leads to global warming because of the green house effect