The four-firm ratio is the concentration ratio between the total sales accumulated by the four largest industrial firms to the total sales of all firms present in an industry. This translates to the mathematical expression of
four-firm ratio = (total sales of four largest firms / total sales)
Since, we are given that all 10 firms have the same sales, we let the sales be equal to x.
total sales of four largest firms = 4x
total sales = 10x
The ratio is then,
four-firm ratio = 4/10
Converting this to percentage will yield us an answer of 40%.
Answer:
The answer is:
10% fixed rate = Company X's external borrowing (rate);
11.8% fixed rate = Company Y's payment to X (rate);
LIBOR + 1.5% = Company X's payment to Y (rate);
LIBOR + 1.5% = Company Y's external borrowing rate.
Explanation:
First, X will borrow at 10% fixed and Y will borrow at LIBOR + 1.5% floating; both at notational principal of $10 million.
Then; they will enter into a interest swap where:
- X will pay to the swap the interest rate of Libor +1.5% and receive from the swap the fixed interest rate of 11.8%. Thus, X interest income and interest expenses will be: Borrowed at fixed 10% and payment at Libor+1.5% to the swap; Receipt of 11.8% from the Swap=> Net effect: X borrowed at LIBOR - 0.3% ( saving of 0.3%).
- Y will pay to the swap the fixed interest rate 11.8% and receive from the swap LIBOR +1.5%. Thus, Y interest income and interest expenses will be: Borrowed at LIBOR +1.5 and payment 11.8% fixed to the swap; Receipt of Libor + 1.5% from Bthe Swap=> Net effect: Y borrowed at 11.8% fixed ( saving of 0.2%).
<span>The method by which a message is conveyed between people is called a discussion or a dialogue. The idea here is to allow a certain communication among participants in a back and forth manner.</span>
Answer:Yes, the Manager made an error.
Explanation:
Increasing the revenue of a firm depends on two factors which are price and effective demand. An increase in price without a fall in demand will increase revenue, an increase in demand without a fall in price will equally increase revenue.
However when manipulating price only in order to increase revenue care must be taken to ensure same or higher level of demand for an increase in price which lead to a fall in demand may boomerang for the firm.
E.g
Year. $ Price. Demand. Revenue$
1. 5. 100. 500
2. 6. 80. 480
The above illustrate an increase in price without a rise or maintaining the same level of demand leads fall in revenue.
Answer:
The correct answer is a. an illegal search under 4th amendment protections.
Explanation:
The fourth amendment to the United States Constitution protects two fundamental rights: the right to privacy and the right not to suffer an arbitrary invasion.
The investigation is the procedure in which a government official or agent violates a reasonable expectation of privacy. When it interferes with the right of property of a person we face a case of confiscation. The owner must have a reasonable expectation of privacy regarding the seized objects. A person is considered to have been apprehended when law enforcement personnel use physical force to retain them in such a way that, in a similar situation, any reasonable person would feel deprived of their liberty.
