Answer:
Depending on the stimulus, graded potentials can be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing. Action potentials always lead to depolarization of membrane and reversal of the membrane potential. Amplitude is proportional to the strength of the stimulus. ... Duration of graded potentials may be a few milliseconds to seconds.
Explanation:
The bond is a PHOSPHODIESTER BOND.
In DNA molecule, the bond that is formed between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of an adjacent nucleotide is a phosphodiester bond which is a type of covalent bond. Covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms.
B) Chloroplasts convert solar energy into glucose and oxygen.