I think you forgot to give the options along with this question. Based on my knowledge and assumption, i am answering the question. Creating a common, multicultural society is an important goal of European unification. I hope that the answer has come to your help.
Another effect of the spread of Islam was an increase in trade. Unlike early Christianity, Muslims were not reluctant to engage in trade and profit; Muhammad himself was a merchant. As new areas were drawn into the orbit of Islamic civilization, the new religion provided merchants with a safe context for trade.
The primary reason for European colonization of Africa was capitalism. European nations saw an opportunity for new trade routes and potential wealth in some of Africa's natural resources. The geographical limitations of Europe were also a factor.
