Answer: A. A confirmation bias
Explanation: Since Maribel is already convinced that the defendant is not guilty, she seeks proof, or rather, confirmation of her opinion, feeling, conviction, etc. That is why she carefully listens to what the defense lawyer has to say, while paying less attention to the prosecutor's statement. This means that Maribel has a certain bias towards the accused and seeks confirmation of her bias, that is, her conviction that the accused is not guilty.
The term confirmation bias in psychology means favouring information that confirms one's opinion (bias), while ignoring information that states the opposite. This means that confirmation bias is, in fact, a kind of cognitive bias, because Maribel has already cognitively perceived (decided) the accused for some reason not guilty, although may exists evidence to the contrary.
Answer: skin cancer
Explanation: Carcinogens may be defined as substances which are capable of inducing the development of cancerous cells in living tissue. The students described in the scenario, were of the opinion that subjecting frogs in a smoke filled environment fro a prolonged period will result in the development of lung cancer in the frog. The hypothesis might have stemmed from the thought of the risk in which smokers are very liable of being victims of cancerous cells. However, exposing frogs to such will not result in them developing lung cancer. However, carcinogens such as asbestos, vinyl chloride, benzene, nickel and so one have large tendency of resulting in skin cancer when exposed to air.
Answer:
Reaction formation
Explanation:
Lisa was not prepared to be a mother and felt guilty for not welcoming her child when he was born. As a result, she tries to prove her love by becoming overindulgent and overprotective of the child. This is an example of which defense mechanism reaction formation
Reaction formation is a psychological defense mechanism that a person goes beyond what he or she is meant to do and behaves in the opposite way to which he or she thinks or feels.
Intentional behaviors are usednto overcompensate for the anxiety a person feels regarding their unacceptable unconscious thoughts or emotions. Usually, a reaction formation is known for its exaggerated behavior, such as showiness and compulsiveness.Lisa overindulgent and overprotective behavior of the child is an exaggersted behavior to vover up her guiot of not welcoming her child.
