Assuming the underlined word is 'singing,' the correct answer is going to be A. participle.
A participle and a gerund look the same - they both end in -ing. However, participles are used as adjectives (as is the case here), whereas gerunds are used as nouns. Infinitives always have the same form, which is TO + verb.
The idea that peaceful mind could solve all problems in life helped spread Buddhism. It was especially popular in Eastern Asia because there were no dominant regions at the time and it originated in Asia.
Answer:
A work related strike: Mass refusal of employees to work
A physical strike: a sudden attack
Answer:
The direction of control over time gradually shifts from farmer to marketer and finally the direction of control of what is to be produced and at what price is reversed.
Explanation:
Constantinople changed to Istanbul after falling to the Ottomans. Istanbul is the name for the city now, too. I hope this helps!