It is the basic unit of energy for all functions of the cell without ATP the ions wouldn't be able to transport across the cell membrane.
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Answer:
The digestive system works very closely with the circulatory system to get the absorbed nutrients distributed through your body. ... While the digestive system collects and removes undigested solids, the excretory system filters compounds from the blood stream and collects them in urine.
Answer:
CCAGGCC
CCATCGA
GGCCATC
CAT
AGGCCAT
CATCGAG
Explanation:
Shotgun sequencing is a method used to determine the nucleotide sequence of entire chromosomes/genomes. This sequencing method consists of obtaining random DNA fragments which are subsequently classified by bioinformatic tools that ordering them according to overlapping sequences called contigs. In the whole-genome shotgun (WGS) technique, the entire genome of an organism is sequenced, being the critical factor the depth of sequencing, which refers to the quality of the sequencing reads (e.g., a depth of 20X indicates that the genome is sequenced 20 times by a sequencing machine). For the human genome, WGS became available after the completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), which enabled the generation of a reference sequence for the whole human genome. The steps of the WGS technique are the following:
1. Preparation of isolated chromosomes
2. The DNA is sheared into small fragments
3. The DNA fragments of about 1 kilobase (1000 base pairs) are incorporated into plasmids which are cloned to render pure samples of each DNA fragment
4. The plasmid clones are sequenced by sequencing machines
5. Bioinformatic tools finally are used to link DNA fragments by their overlapping ends
This type of asexual reproduction is called apomixis.
Apoximis is reproduction by special generative tissues without fertilization. It includes parthenogenesis in animals, in which the new individuals develop from unfertilized egg, and apogamy in certain plants in which the generative tissues may be the sporophyte or the gametophyte.
Answer:
c. Pyridostigmine binds to the acetylcholinesterase active site and prevents sarin from binding to and modifying the enzyme active site.
Explanation:
Sarin is a toxic compound which inhibits acetylcholinesterase enzyme. This enzyme degrades the neurotransmitter acetylcholine after the required muscle cell stimulation. In absence of its activity, acetylcholine is not degraded and the muscle cells are stimulated uncontrollably. The muscles are not able to relax which ultimately proves fatal for the victim.
Pyridostigmine is also an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor like Sarin. However its period of inhibition is short compared to organophosphorus inhibitors like sarin. It competes with sarin and replaces it in the active site of acetylcholinesterase. The enzyme is still inhibited but for a shorter time as compared to inhibition by Sarin. Hence after sometime, it becomes functional again and resumes its normal activity. Acetycholine starts getting degraded relaxing the muscles.
