Atoms gain electrons to form anions.
Atoms lose electrons to form cations.
Back in middle school, my chemistry teacher taught me a good way to remember whether an ion was a cation or an anion. When an atom loses an electron, it becomes positive, and when an atom gains an electron, it becomes negative.
Cation sort of sounds like “cat,” which is positive (Yay! Cats!).
Anions, on the other hand, sounds like “onion,” which is negative (Ew! Onions!).
There’s other ways of memorizing it, but this way was the easiest for me.
-T.B.
Answer:
The hemoglobin molecule has four binding sites for oxygen molecules: the iron atoms in the four heme groups. Thus, each Hb tetramer can bind four oxygen molecules.
Answer:
The population suffered a genetic bottleneck, which decreased genetic variation and thereby randomly increasing the frequency of harmful alleles
Explanation:
A population bottleneck, also known as genetic bottleneck, can be defined as a drastic reduction in the size of a population, which may be caused by anthropic activity and/or environmental phenomena (e.g., earthquakes, famines, fires, droughts, etc). A genetic bottleneck leads to a reduction in genetic variability within a population. Moreover, the genetic drifit caused by a genetic bottleneck can also increase the frequency of harmful alleles/mutations (it is due to the random sampling of individuals), thereby increasing the frequency of deleterious alleles/mutations in the population.
