Answer:
At the heart of the war, the Battles of Sabine Pass were an attempt by both sides to get control of the port and Fort Griffin. The Sabine River sets the boundary between Texas and Louisiana, and the Union forces who had already taken and set up stations in Louisiana wanted to move forward and gain control of the mouth of the Sabine River by taking Fort Griffin, which protected it on the Texas side of the River. In the Battle of Sabine Pass I, the Union was successful in driving out Confederate troops. In the Battle of Sabine Pass II, Confederate troops retaliated and recaptured Fort Griffin. Finally, on September 8, 1863, the Union Army would attempt to make a massive assault on Fort Griffin in order to then proceed up the river into Texas for a Union attack on the state. The Union came with several gun boats, major artillery, and many men. As the Union advanced up the river toward Fort Griffin, Confederate cannons were able to hit and sink the two leading gunboats in the convoy. The sunken boats blocked the channel and stopped the Union from progressing any farther. The Union fled back to New Orleans. The Battles of Sabine Pass are an example of many back and forth assaults throughout the war. The Battle of Sabine III became the only major assault within Texas during the war, and the Confederate Army’s successful defense kept Union troops from attacking Texas. The Palmito Ranch battle occurred because some Confederate soldiers were unwilling to allow Union occupation in the area, despite the surrender of General Lee. Six weeks earlier, Lee had surrendered, but some Confederate armies were still willing to battle on or were unclear on what was happening elsewhere on other battle fields. But with the war essentially at an end, Union forces began to move up the Rio Grande and into Brownsville. However, Confederate forces resisted and pushed them back. A few dozen Confederates were wounded and about 30 Union soldiers were killed. Ultimately, a few days later, peace was negotiated ,and Palmito Ranch became the last physical battle of the Civil War.