Its almost always a tragic flaw.
Claims and support are related because claims are statements that are made by authors in relation to some subject matter that are backed up by "support" or evidence. Therefore, based upon these options, "An author will use support to back up a claim." This claim and support are what authors use to create arguments in writing to make a point and to express a perspective on a particular issue.
Conjunctions are joining words that link together parts of a sentence. The three main coordinating conjunctions are 'and', 'but' and 'or'. They can be used to join together two clauses in a sentence
Some details that the text show that the excerpt was written in the past and not the present is, the story uses a lot of had and was which could be a huge clue that the text was written in the past sense its using past tense vocabulary. for example, in the excerpt it talks about how the children had a kind and merry housemaid. If it was present tense then the sentence would be, they have a kind and merry housemaid because it would mean that the house maid is with them right now and if it was future tense then it would be they will have a kind and merry housemaid because they don't have the maid yet and you would be using future tense words to indicate it hasn't happened yet. I hope this makes sense and helps.