Myatt's central claim is that life is not fair. While we cannot control our birth, we can control our choices and attitudes.
Therefore, he argues that life is only as fair as we make it, since we control our attitude and the choices we make.
To make his point, he uses general example of people who have overcome a variety of difficulties. He uses the specific example of the young man from Africa who came to America with nothing and is now the president of a tech firm. He relates a personal anecdote about his own youth and how he overcame a stroke.
At the end of the article Myatt reiterates that life is not fair, nor should the government try to make life fair. Instead, each individual needs to overcome his or her own difficulties by changing perspective.
The correct answer is option A: He tells him the "giants" are windmills.
Cervantes wrote Don Quixote in two parts, published respectively in 1605 and 1615. Sancho and Don Quixote come across a field of windmills, which Don Quixote sees as a group of giants. Sancho tells him they are not giants but windmills. Don Quixote replied that Sancho is not experienced in these matters, and that is why he can not see that they are clearly giants. Then, Sancho tries to dissuade Quixote, but he attacks one of the windmills, damaging his spear and acquiring some injuries. Sancho tells Quixote that it was foolish to attack the windmills. Quixote tells him that the evil magician Freston changed the giants into windmills to deprive him of his victory.
Jem thinks that Boo stays shut in his house all the time because he wants to. Jem noticed the way that people treat outcasts, as well as black people, like Tom, and he realizes that because Boo has been shut in for such a long time, he hears stuff in town, and knows that everyone talks about him.
~Hope I helped!~