I think it is B. the Enlightenment, but I might be wrong.
One way the U.S and the U.S.S.R were competing during the Cold War was with military technology. Both sides invested heavily into new military technologies trying to get the upper hand. The Second way was the Space race, both sides competed to be the first to put a man on the moon.
Answer:
Political factions or parties began to form during the struggle over ratification of the federal Constitution of 1787. Friction between them increased as attention shifted from the creation of a new federal government to the question of how powerful that federal government would be.