Is the digestion of a worm intercellular or extracellular

If a mammal gives birth to live animals, how is a monotreme a mammal if it lays eggs? This has been confusing me for the past 30

natka813 [3]

Answer:

In some ways, monotremes are very primitive for mammals because, like reptiles and birds, they lay eggs rather than having live birth. In a number of other respects, monotremes are rather derived, having highly modified snouts or beaks, and modern adult monotremes have no teeth.

8 0

3 years ago

From a chemical view, how is an amino acid is being recognized by its specific aminoacyl tRNA synthetase?

hammer [34]

During translation, rRNA and tRNA read mRNA in 5´ to 3´ direction. According to the codons being readen, tRNA transfers the correct amino acids to build the polypeptide chain. A codon is a short sequence of three nucleotides that store the genetic information for the aminoacids´ assembly.

Each tRNA has two important sites. One of them that couples with the codon of the mRNA molecule, named anticodon. The other site couples with an amino acid through the action of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme. The whole complex, amino acid + enzyme + tRNA is named aminoacyl-tRNA.

Each tRNA is recognized by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme. The enzyme is also capable of recognizing a specific amino acid. Let us say, for instance, that tRNA is specific for phenylalanine. The molecule is attached to the enzyme that is specific for that tRNA(Phe). Then, when the enzyme and tRNA(Phe) are together, they get to find phenylalanine. The enzyme links the aminoacid to the RNA. Once the whole complex is formed, the tRNA gets to pair its anticodon with the mRNA codon. This is,

Recognition of enzyme and the specific tRNA(aa) ⇒ aa being aminoacid
Recognition of enzyme and the specific aminoacid
Linkage of the aminoacid to RNA by the enzyme action
Pairing of tRNA anticodon to mRNA codon.

Considering that there are twenty amino acids available, there are also twenty complexes of aminoacyl-tRNA, one for each amino acid. Each of the mRNA codons represents one of the 20 amino acids used to build the protein. Each amino acid can be codified by more than one codon. Of the total 64 codons, 61 codify amino acids, and one is a start codon. The left three codons are stopping translation points.

tRNA decodes genetic information from the nucleotidic sequence in the mRNA molecule and allows amino acids to align composing the new protein.

Once the new peptidic link joins, placing together the new amino acid to the growing peptidic chain, the binding between the amino acid and the tRNA molecule breaks. The tRNA is now free to join another amino acid and repeat the cycle.

In conclusion, a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthase enzyme recognizes a tRNA, which is also specific for a certain amino acid. When together, the enzyme recognizes the amino acid and links it to the RNA. The whole complex is known as aminoacyl-tRNA. Once the tRNA is joined to its amino acid, it gets to pair a codon of mRNA to add that amino acid to the new synthesizing protein.

6 0

3 years ago

LOTS OF POINTS AND Brainlist

Nastasia [14]

Define:

solar system : The Solar System is the gravitationally bound planetary system of the Sun and the objects that orbit it, either directly or indirectly. Of the objects that orbit the Sun directly, the largest are the eight planets, with the remainder being smaller objects, such as the five dwarf planets and small Solar System bodie

big bang theory : The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today

nebular theory : the theory that the solar and stellar systems were developed from a primeval nebula

heavy elements : the Universe starts off with hydrogen and helium, all stars produce helium, and then stars over a certain mass threshold produce carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and lots of heavier elements

composition : solar composition, compared to earlier measurements, are enriched in Fe and Ca relative to Mg, Al, and Si. The Fe/Si and Ca/Al atomic ratios are 30 to 40 percent higher than chondritic values. These changes necessitate a revision in the cosmic abundances and in the composition of the nebula from which the planets accreted (which have been based on chondritic values).

milky way galaxy : The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains the Solar System. The name describes the galaxy's appearance from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in the night sky formed from stars that cannot be individually distinguished by the naked eye

scale: In astronomy, magnitude is a unitless measure of the brightness of an object in a defined passband, often in the visible or infrared spectrum, but sometimes across all wavelengths. An imprecise but systematic determination of the magnitude of objects was introduced in ancient times by Hipparchus

biosphere : the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth (or analogous parts of other planets) occupied by living organisms.

atmosphere : the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.

"part of the sun's energy is absorbed by the earth's atmosphere"

synonyms: air, aerosphere, airspace, sky;

geosphere : any of the almost spherical concentric regions of matter that make up the earth and its atmosphere, as the lithosphere and hydrosphere.

redshift :the displacement of spectral lines toward longer wavelengths (the red end of the spectrum) in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial objects. This is interpreted as a Doppler shift that is proportional to the velocity of recession and thus to distance.

cosmic background radiation: The cosmic microwave background (CMB, CMBR), in Big Bang cosmology, is electromagnetic radiation as a remnant from an early stage of the universe, also known as "relic radiation". The CMB is faint cosmic background radiation filling all space. ... This glow is strongest in the microwave region of the radio spectrum.

radioactive decay: Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay, radioactivity or nuclear radiation) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture

heat of formation: The standard heat of formation is defined as the amount of heat absorbed or evolved at 25° C (77° F ) and at one atmosphere pressure when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements, each substance being in its normal physical state

core-mantle: The core–mantle boundary of the Earth lies between the planet's silicate mantle and its liquid iron-nickel outer core. This boundary is located at approximately 2891 km depth beneath the Earth's surface.

5 0

3 years ago

HELP!!! EVEN MORE POINTS!!!!

irina1246 [14]

Answer:

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Explanation:>>>>>>

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8 0

3 years ago

Que es el daltonismo

otez555 [7]

Answer:

Una capacidad reducida para distinguir entre ciertos colores.

7 0

3 years ago