When India was partitioned, both India and Pakistan wanted to claim the Kashmir region. The correct option among all the options given in the question is option "d". Kashmir had a majority of Muslim population but was ruled by a Hindu king. when Pakistan tried to capture Kashmir, the king signed a treaty with India about becoming a part of India for protection against Pakistan.
The author of this excerpt is presenting an argument for Japan to follow a policy of "<span>(4) economic imperialism" since there are so few other options available. </span>
