There were several nations who sought to claim the territory such as the Americans, British, French, and Spanish. John Quincy Adams resolved this through the Treaty of 1818 where the border of the United States and Canada was established at the 49th Parallel.
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1862, was the first significant Union victory of the American Civil War (1861-65). In an effort to gain control of rivers and supply lines west of the Appalachians, the bulk of his troops to nearby Fort Donelson before surrendering to Union forces. off Confederate access to two key waterways for the remainder of the war.
The policy being described is known as New Federalism.
This political ideology implemented by Richard Nixon was developed with the goal of giving states back more power. Nixon felt that the federal government had become too large in scope thanks to policies like the New Deal during the 1930's. In order to change this cycle, Nixon implemented this new federalism idea so that states can have more control over funds that would be used towards solving social issues.
They were technically free. But the Fugitive Slave Laws said that any escaped slave must be returned. So if they were caught they had to go back.
The "Crime of the Ages" is a political cartoon that depicts all the countries involved in WWI pointing fingers at one another. It is saying that everyone was responsible.