The answer is San Francisco will be warmer than St.Louis in the winter.
Answer:
Hybridization may drive rare taxa to extinction through genetic swamping, where the rare form is replaced by hybrids, or by demographic swamping, where population growth rates are reduced due to the wasteful production of maladaptive hybrids. Conversely, hybridization may rescue the viability of small, inbred populations. Understanding the factors that contribute to destructive versus constructive outcomes of hybridization is key to managing conservation concerns. Here, we survey the literature for studies of hybridization and extinction to identify the ecological, evolutionary, and genetic factors that critically affect extinction risk through hybridization. We find that while extinction risk is highly situation dependent, genetic swamping is much more frequent than demographic swamping. In addition, human involvement is associated with increased risk and high reproductive isolation with reduced risk. Although climate change is predicted to increase the risk of hybridization‐induced extinction, we find little empirical support for this prediction. Similarly, theoretical and experimental studies imply that genetic rescue through hybridization may be equally or more probable than demographic swamping, but our literature survey failed to support this claim. We conclude that halting the introduction of hybridization‐prone exotics and restoring mature and diverse habitats that are resistant to hybrid establishment should be management priorities.
Explanation:
<span>The study of how traits are inherited though the interaction of alleles is defined as genetics and it began in the 1850's. Gregor Mendel was the first scientist to study genetics. </span>
Answer:
prohibits the introduction of invasive species
controls the kind of waste and pollutants allowed
assesses human influence on the environment
designates protected zones on the continent
Explanation:
These four key terms are some of what the Madrid Protocol includes.
Prohibiting the introduction of invasive species keeps the ecosystem from being dominated and/or destroyed by a single species that the ecosystem is not built to handle.
Controlling the kind of waste and pollutants allowed on the continent ensures that the environment remains stable without the influence of outside chemicals, such as oil or carbon emissions that could harm the ecosystems.
Assessing human influence on the environment keeps track who does what and how they do it, essentially preventing extreme human action from being taken so as to preserve Antarctica's natural order.
Designating protected zones on the continent that can only be accessed with special permits ensures that only people who require access for research or whatnot, or more simply, qualified personnel, are able to enter these zones, so as to keep contact down to a minimum and further preserve Antarctica's natural environment.
