1) closed circulation
2) The spleen can easily be damaged if someone suffers a sever injury to the stomach. When the spleen is damaged, it can cause pain in the abdomen, dizziness, and pain in the left shoulder.
I think it is erosion (2) because erosion removes soil, rock, and dissolved material.
It has to be a, b or d then.
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:)
Answer: Young rivers are channels that are deeper than they are wide, have a very fast flow, and contain frequent waterfalls and rapids